The House of Representatives (the House) is composed of 360 Members to represent 360 Federal Constituencies including those representing the FCT. Federal Constituencies are created based on as near an equal population size as possible. This necessarily results in the fact that some states have more representatives at the House than other states.

No Senatorial District of Federal Constituency is allowed to fall across two or more States. Members of the House are also subject to the same qualifications and disqualifications as senators except that a member of the House need only have attained the age of 30 years. They are also elected for a four year term subject to being elected to fill an unexpired vacancy. The House of Representatives is presided over by the Speaker who is also a member like the others but elected by them to take charge of the affairs of the House.

Note that both the Senate and the House of Representatives have equal legislative functions and powers but with certain exceptions. For example, the Constitution provides that the President must seek the consent of the Senate in matters such as in the appointment of ministers, ambassadors and members of Federal Commissions. Despite these differences both bodies have equal legislative powers. Therefore the designation of one as the ``upper'' or ‘senior’ House and the other as the "lower" or "junior" House is not really appropriate.